Atarax (hydroxyzine)

Atarax, known generically as hydroxyzine, is a widely used medication in Australia for alleviating itching associated with various allergic reactions. As an antihistamine, it functions by blocking the effects of histamine, a natural substance your body produces during allergic responses. Beyond its primary use for itching relief, hydroxyzine is also prescribed for short-term management of anxiety and serves as a sedative to assist patients in achieving a state of relaxation before and after surgical procedures.

Atarax (hydroxyzine) is typically taken by mouth, either with or without food, as per your doctor’s instructions, usually prescribed three or four times throughout the day. For those utilizing the liquid formulation, it is crucial to measure your dose accurately with a specialized measuring device or spoon, as using a regular kitchen spoon may result in incorrect dosing.

The specific dosage prescribed is tailored to your individual needs, taking into account factors such as your age, medical condition, and how well you respond to the treatment. In pediatric cases, dosing may also depend on the child’s weight. It is vital not to exceed the prescribed dosage or to increase the frequency of intake without consulting your healthcare provider. If your symptoms do not improve or if they worsen, notify your doctor promptly.

Common side effects of Atarax (hydroxyzine) may include drowsiness, dizziness, blurred vision, constipation, and a dry mouth. Should any of these effects continue or intensify, it is advisable to inform your doctor or pharmacist without delay. For relief from dry mouth, consider sucking on sugarless hard candy or ice chips, chewing sugarless gum, drinking plenty of water, or using a saliva substitute.

Remember that your doctor has prescribed this medication because they believe the benefits to you outweigh the potential risks of side effects. Many individuals taking hydroxyzine do not experience severe side effects. However, it’s essential to be vigilant for any serious side effects such as mental or mood changes (like restlessness, confusion, or hallucinations), tremors, or difficulties with urination.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience any critical side effects, including seizures, a fast or irregular heartbeat, severe dizziness, or fainting. A serious allergic reaction to hydroxyzine is rare; however, if you observe symptoms such as a rash, swelling or itching (especially of the face, tongue, or throat), extreme dizziness, or trouble breathing, seek medical help without delay.

Before starting Atarax, thoroughly discuss your medical history with your healthcare provider, especially if you have known allergies to hydroxyzine, cetirizine, levocetirizine, or any other substances in Australia. This medication may contain inactive ingredients capable of causing allergic reactions or other complications.

Communicate any existing medical conditions to your doctor, particularly those related to respiratory issues (like asthma or emphysema), glaucoma (high pressure in the eyes), hypertension (high blood pressure), kidney or liver disorders, seizures, gastrointestinal problems (such as ulcers or blockages), hyperthyroidism, or difficulties in urination (often due to an enlarged prostate).

Hydroxyzine may lead to QT prolongation, a condition that affects heart rhythm. This can, in rare instances, result in serious and potentially fatal irregular heartbeats alongside other symptoms such as severe dizziness or fainting, which require urgent medical attention. Your risk for QT prolongation may be heightened if you have specific medical conditions or are taking additional medications that could also induce QT prolongation. It is vital to inform your healthcare professional of all medications you are currently taking and any history of heart issues in yourself or family, particularly concerning QT prolongation or sudden cardiac death.

Moreover, low levels of potassium or magnesium in the blood can elevate your risk of this heart condition, particularly if you are using certain medications, such as diuretics, or if you suffer from conditions that lead to significant fluid loss like severe sweating or vomiting. It’s essential to consult your doctor regarding the safe use of hydroxyzine.

This medication can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and blurred vision, which may be exacerbated by the consumption of alcohol or marijuana. It’s advisable to avoid driving, operating machinery, or engaging in activities requiring alertness until you are confident in your ability to do so safely. Furthermore, refrain from drinking alcohol while using this medication and talk to your doctor if you are using marijuana.

If you are scheduled for surgery, be sure to inform your healthcare provider or dentist about all medications you are currently taking, including those that are prescribed, over-the-counter, or herbal supplements.  

Keep in mind that liquid formulations of Atarax (hydroxyzine) may contain sugar and/or alcohol, and caution is recommended if you have diabetes, liver disease, or other conditions necessitating dietary restrictions on these substances. Consult your healthcare professional or pharmacist about the safest options for utilizing this medication.

Finally, be aware that children may react differently to this drug, often exhibiting increased sensitivity to side effects, which can sometimes result in heightened excitement rather than drowsiness. Likewise, older adults may be more susceptible to the side effects of Atarax (hydroxyzine) in Australia, particularly drowsiness, confusion, constipation, urinary difficulties, or concerns related to QT prolongation.