What is Codeine in Australia?

Codeine, a narcotic analgesic, is commonly used in Australia to alleviate mild to moderate pain. It operate by targeting the central nervous system to alleviate pain. Prolonged use of codeine may lead to habit formation, resulting in mental or physical dependence. However, individuals experiencing persistent pain should not refrain from using narcotics for pain relief due to the fear of dependence. Mental dependence or addiction is unlikely when narcotics are used for pain management, while physical dependence may lead to withdrawal symptoms if treatment is abruptly discontinued. To prevent severe withdrawal effects, it is advisable to gradually reduce the dosage over time before discontinuing treatment completely.
Codeine is subject to a restricted distribution program known as the Opioid Analgesic REMS (Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy) program. It is prescribed for individuals who are anticipated to require opioid pain medication and cannot be treated with alternative pain medications. Additionally, it is used in combination with other drugs to temporarily alleviate cough caused by common colds, the flu, or other conditions in adults. While codeine can alleviate symptoms, it does not address the underlying cause or expedite recovery. Codeine is classified as an opiate (narcotic) analgesic and an antitussive medication. When used for pain management, it alters the brain and nervous system’s response to pain, while for reducing coughing, it diminishes activity in the brain region responsible for inducing coughing.
Furthermore, codeine is available in combination with acetaminophen and aspirin, and is an ingredient in numerous cough and cold medications. This monograph specifically focuses on the use of codeine. If you are using a codeine combination product, it is essential to familiarize yourself with all the ingredients in the product you are taking and seek additional information from your doctor or pharmacist.

How to use Codeine in Australia:

Codeine is a commonly used medication in Australia for the treatment of mild to moderate pain and diarrhea. It is typically administered orally in the form of pills. However, it’s important to note that codeine is a prescription-only opiate painkiller in Australia, and it cannot be legally purchased without a prescription.

In some cases, small amounts of codeine are combined with other medications such as paracetamol, ibuprofen, and aspirin. These combination medications can be obtained from a chemist or pharmacy without a prescription.
It’s crucial to be aware of the addictive nature of codeine. Medications containing codeine, like co-codamol, come with warnings on their packaging regarding the potential for addiction. Users are advised not to take these medications for more than three days in a row without seeking medical advice.
Unfortunately, there are instances of codeine abuse where individuals misuse the medication by crushing the tablets and snorting them. This practice is dangerous and can lead to serious health consequences.

What other drugs will affect codeine in Australia?

It’s important to be aware of potential drug interactions with codeine in Australia. When taking codeine, it’s crucial to inform your doctor about any other medications you are using. Certain antibiotics, antifungal medications, heart or blood pressure medications, seizure medications, and drugs used to treat HIV or hepatitis C can interact with codeine and lead to breathing problems or withdrawal symptoms.
Additionally, opioid medications, including codeine, can have dangerous interactions with a wide range of other drugs, potentially causing severe side effects or even death. Be sure to inform your doctor if you are taking any of the following medications along with codeine:
– Cold or allergy medicines
– Bronchodilator asthma/COPD medications
– Diuretics (“water pills”)
– Medications for motion sickness, irritable bowel syndrome, or overactive bladder
– Other narcotic medications, such as opioid pain medicine or prescription cough medicine
– Sedatives like Valium (diazepam), alprazolam, lorazepam, Xanax, Klonopin, Versed, and others
– Medications that cause drowsiness or slow down breathing, such as sleeping pills, muscle relaxants, or drugs used to treat mood disorders or mental illness
– Drugs that affect serotonin levels in the body, including stimulants or medications for depression, Parkinson’s disease, migraine headaches, serious infections, or nausea and vomiting
It’s important to note that this list is not exhaustive, and there may be other medications that can interact with codeine in Australia, including both prescription and over-the-counter medicines, as well as vitamins and herbal products. Always consult your doctor or pharmacist for comprehensive information on potential drug interactions with codeine in Australia.

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